Stream Delay Calculator
Estimate total viewer delay by adding up encoder delay, network latency, platform buffering, player startup time, and optional moderation delay.
Total delay breakdown
How the calculation works
The total delay a viewer experiences is the sum of several independent stages:
- Encoder delay: Time for OBS/Streamlabs to encode a frame. Faster presets reduce this.
- Network delay: Time to upload the encoded stream to the platform CDN.
- Platform buffering: The platform adds buffer to smooth playback. Ultra low latency reduces this to ~0.5s; normal latency can be 6–10s.
- Player startup: The viewer's player buffers a few seconds before starting playback. This varies by player and browser.
- Moderation delay: Some streamers add intentional delay to allow chat moderation before viewers see potentially problematic moments.
Frequently asked questions
What is ultra low latency on Twitch?
Ultra low latency reduces Twitch's platform buffer to roughly 0.5–1 second at the cost of slight quality reduction during bitrate spikes. It's ideal for interactive streams where you want to respond to chat quickly.
Why is there delay even at ultra low latency?
Encoder delay, network delay, and player startup time still add up even with minimal platform buffering. A realistic floor is about 1–3 seconds total even in ideal conditions.
Can I have zero delay?
Not with standard streaming protocols. If you need near-zero latency (e.g., for a game show with remote players), look into WebRTC-based tools, but those require specialized infrastructure and won't work with standard stream setups.
Why add moderation delay?
Some streamers stream IRL or play games that occasionally show spoilers, personal information, or controversial content. Adding intentional delay (10–60 seconds) gives moderators time to cut the stream if needed before most viewers see it.